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# CoveredBy
[Spatial Relationships]

## OGC Definition

There is none.

## Oracle Spatial Definition

[OSUGR] defines CoveredBy as follows. "The opposite of COVERS. A.COVEREDBY B implies B COVERS A."

The FDO Oracle Provider implements this definition:

CoveredBy = coveredby as used in the third argument to the sdo_relate spatial operator, for example,
`sdo_relate(a.GEOMETRY, MDSYS.SDO_GEOMETRY(2002, NULL, NULL, MDSYS.SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY(1,2,1), MDSYS.SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY(4,1, 8,1)), 'mask=coveredby')`.

## PHP Code Implementation

The equivalent of the CoveredBy predicate can be expressed using MgGeometry methods as follows.

    <?php
    function CoveredBy ($geom1, $geom2) {
       $withinBool = $geom1->Within($geom2);
       if (!$withinBool) return $withinBool;
       $boundary1 = $geom1->Boundary();
       $boundary2 = $geom2->Boundary();
       $intersectBool = $boundary1->Intersects($boundary2);
       return $intersectBool;
    }
    ?>

A Point and MultiPoint cannot be covered because they do not have boundaries.

## Illustration

An endpoint of d and an endpoint of e intersect.

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